The inflammation of the bladder has an infectious nature and causes a series of unpleasant symptoms, among which we can distinguish stretching pain on pubis, frequent but unproductive urination and blood impurities in the urine. The bladder in women needs a more frequent emptying than in men. The organ is vulnerable to virus and bacteria attacks. Clinical manifestations in each person may differ, depends on a series of factors: processes location, pathogens, nature of the disease, gravity. What leads to the appearance of cystitis, how it manifests, what threats and how to fight it correctly?
Causes of cystitis in women
Most of the time, the cause of the disease is microorganisms, which are the natural inhabitants of our body, for example, this applies to E. coli. The pathogenic microflora is conditionally under the control of immunity, which controls the growth and number of microorganisms. If, under the influence of certain factors in the operation of the immune system, a failure occurs, the pathogenic flora can be controlled and lead to an inflammatory reaction.
Women are vulnerable to cysts for these reasons:
- Close location of the vagina and anus;
- The urethra is wide and short.
There are several ways to penetrate pathogens in the bladder cavity:
- upward. Penetrated infection of the urethra;
- descending. Penetrated microorganisms of the kidneys;
- Lympogogen. Pathogens extend from the pelvic organs;
- Hematogenic. This method is quite rare. This means that the infection has come with a blood flow of some organ.
Although cystitis often appears in the context of other diseases, in some cases the disease can be developed in the form of an isolated process. The reason for this may be the following factors:
- violation of intimate hygiene rules;
- chronic constipation;
- avitaminosis;
- Releasing a child and work;
- Surgical intervention in urinary bodies;
- colds, hypothermia, sitting on the cold surface;
- Errors in nutrition, in particular, salty food abuse;
- the randomness of sexual activity, a frequent change in couples;
- kidney diseases;
- hormonal imbalance;
- diseases that contribute to the weakening of immunity;
- injury;
- Use of compressive synthetic underwear.
More often, cystitis is a complication of such diseases:
- Bacterial vaginosis;
- Candidiasis vaginitis;
- Sexual diseases: gonorrhea, chlamydia, eraupaplasmosis, mycoplasmosis.
Sometimes, even taking medications, in particular, cytostatic, causes inflammation of the bladder mucous membrane. Sometimes, even an allergic reaction can serve as a triggering mechanism for inflammation.
The first signs of cystitis in women
At the beginning of the disease, the first sign of cystitis in women is a change in urine color. Acquire a specific and cloudy smell. Urine calls are also becoming more frequent. The urine process itself is accompanied by unpleasant sensations: discomfort or burning. The temperature can increase, but this is not a mandatory sign.
In one way or another, to the first signs of cystitis, a woman must worry and participate in the treatment of the disease.
Types of cystitis in women
Depending on the nature of the course of inflammation, the disease can be of two types:
- acute cystitis;
- Chronic cystitis.
Cystitis differs in the morphological changes that arise:
- Catarrhal;
- ulcerative;
- cystic;
- hemorrhagic;
- Ulcerative and others.
Depending on the etiological factor, the disease is bacterial, viral, fungal and not bacterial. The following bacteria can cause cystitis appearance:
- E. coli;
- gonorrhea;
- UREPLASMA;
- Mycobacteria;
- Staphylococcus or Streptococcus;
- Mycoplasma.
Not bacterial cystitis, in turn, is divided into:
- allergic;
- medicine;
- chemical;
- ray;
- toxic.
Symptoms of cystitis in women
Most of the time, cystitis in women begins abruptly and suddenly with the appearance of such signs:
- Frequent urgency to urinate;
- pain, rubber, burning;
- involuntary urinary incontinence;
- the desire to empty the bladder at night;
- During urination, the woman makes a lot of effort and thrust;
- The pain occurs in the area of pubis and the perineum. Sometimes they acquire an unbearable cut in nature;
- hyperthermia;
- deterioration of the general well, weakness;
- Urina acquires a muddy color of a purulent nature;
- Hematuria
Cystitis complications in women
Cystitis complications include:
- HematuriaIn some cases, bleeding can be developed;
- Interstitial cystitis. The bladder is wrinkled, reduced in size and its functional activity is seriously violated;
- PyelonephritisThe spread of the infectious process along the ascending routes can threaten the appearance of inflammatory reactions of renal structures.
Cystitis with blood in women
Normally, urine has a light yellow color. Hematuria can cause a decrease in the tone of the muscle tissue of the bladder, a violation of blood circulation or the inability to empty the bladder for a long period of time. According to statistics, cystitis in 60% of cases enters a chronic form. The main error is hardening! The sooner the treatment of cystitis begins, the better.
The presence of hematuria may indicate the development of forms of cystitis that represent a threat to the patient's life:
- hemorrhagic. The walls of the blood vessels are affected, they become fragile. Most of the time it occurs with the introduction of adenovirus or fungus, as well as in the form of complication of radiation disease;
- gangrenous. In fact, the bladder fabric dies. Gangrenous cystitis is dangerous due to the development of blood poisoning. The reason for this condition may be some drugs or the presence of a foreign body;
- ulcerativeAssociated with the radial effect on the tumor process. There is often abundant bleeding that threatens death.
Blood cystitis is accompanied by the appearance of such symptoms:
- False urination;
- The pain becomes so unbearable that a woman takes analgesics;
- The fight against pain at the bottom of the abdomen is deprived of sleep and rest;
- a strong increase in temperature;
- Spontaneous urine.
There are several types of hematuria:
- Micagematuria. Blood discharge is insignificant. It is possible that patients do not even notice it, but blood is detected in a laboratory exam. Very often, microgematuria indicates at the beginning of the inflammatory process or the exacerbation of chronic cystitis. Sometimes, the symptom indicates the presence of injuries in the genitourinary sphere;
- Macrohematuria. Bleeding becomes abundant in nature, which cannot be noticed. Urina becomes scarlet.
Be that as it may, the appearance of blood in the urine is a symptom that indicates the presence of severe violation, so it is extremely important to consult a specialist. Hematuria is dangerous for the occurrence of such complications:
- transmission of other types of infection;
- Microflora balance violation;
- the development of urinary system diseases, in particular, urethritis;
- Blood clots can obstruct urinary channels, causing urine to highlight it;
- stretching and damage to the bladder walls;
- urine incontinence;
- Chronization of the process.
Cystitis diagnosis in women
The diagnosis is based on clinical and laboratory data, as well as ecoscopy and endoscopy. The examination of the Supranel region is extremely painful.
In the general analysis of urine, a higher red blood cell content and leukocytes were found, there are proteins, mucus, bacteria. The bacteriological planting of urine is characterized by abundant growth of pathogens.
Be sure to perform an bladder ultrasound. Cistoscopy allows you to identify the morphological form of damage to the organs, as well as identify calculations. Foreign bodies and neoplasms.
Treatment of cystitis in women
Cystitis requires an integrated approach for treatment. When taking tablets, unpleasant symptoms can pass in a few days, but the infection can hide and at the right time "show your teeth. "
Take cystitis pills should be combined with nutrition in the diet. The essence of the diet is to create soft conditions for the patient. It does not irritate the inflamed mucous membrane of the bladder of acute food, salty, pickled and especially alcohol.
But drinking liquid should be as much as possible. Therefore, it contributes to the excretion of pathogenic microflora and makes a urine, which will be less annoyed by the inflamed organ.
The basic principles of cystitis treatment in women include the following:
- the fight against the infectious process;
- relief of an inflammatory reaction;
- pain elimination;
- strengthen immunity;
- Savoring diet and abundant drink.
Cystitis drugs in women
You can forget the cystitis using such medication groups:
- antibacterial;
- antispasmodic;
- probiotics;
- non -steroidal anti -inflammatory;
- phytoproparaciones.
Antibiotics
The doctor is dedicated to the selection of the antibiotic after receiving the bacteriological sowing data of the urine and identifying the sensitivity to the medications. It is important to undergo an antibiotic therapy until the end, otherwise, the disease can be used after a while.
Phytopreparación
The healing effect of medicinal herbs is difficult to overestimate. If the previous women collected, they dried and insisted on herbs, then in our time there is no urgent need for this, because the herbal preparations made of lists are sold in pharmacies.
Phytotherapy is not enriching monkey, but are used in combination with antimicrobials. They improve the therapeutic effect of antibiotics and also reduce the risks of adverse reactions.
Home treatment
Sometimes, a visit to the doctor in the near future is not possible. These are exceptional cases, in all other cases, when the first symptoms appear, it is important to consult a specialist.
At home, you can cure cystitis in a mild way, provided that the disease is not accompanied by pain and hematuria. But even in this case, it is important to undergo an exam and consult a urologist.
It is extremely important for women to observe bed rest. The female body should not be excessive, it must have the strength to combat the disease.
Popular treatment
Non -traditional recipes allow you to cure cystitis without damage to your health. They are used as an addition to the main pharmacological therapy and are used with the doctor's consent. Among the popular recipes of cystitis in women are the most common:
- Sitting baths. As a base, you can take pharmacy chamomile flowers. The plant has anti -inflammatory properties, which will help relieve disease symptoms. The plant is poured with boiling water and left to make. After filtering the decoction, it is added to the basin with water. After the procedure, you must wrap and lie down;
- blueberry. The blueberry juice will help eliminate the first symptoms of cystitis, but this is subject to the primary manifestations of a weakly expressed disease;
- Medicinal herbal decoctions. The collection can be purchased with a pharmacy or prepare independently of such ingredients: equinacea, mint, San Juan grass, corn stigmas, pine outbreaks, bears edge, linen seeds, chamomile, field tail, field tail, eucalyptus. Such collection has an antimicrobial and anti -inflammatory effect.
Cystitis prevention in women
Simple recommendations will then help prevent the appearance of the disease:
- Ideally, there should be a sexual couple. In the case of random connections, it is necessary to use condoms;
- Precise compliance with hygiene rules. It is better to use soap with a neutral acid base balance;
- Emphasize the bladder in a timely manner, not tolerate;
- Try non -hypothermia, dress with the weather, it does not feel in the cold;
- Drink natural water in sufficient amounts;
- Do not wear too tight clothes. Things are clothes for special occasions, but not for daily use;
- Follow your diet, do not allow constipation. Coma foods containing fiber, lactic acid bacteria. Kurag, plums, fresh cabbage have a laxative effect.
Conclusion
Cystitis in women is an infectious and severe inflammatory ailment that offers great discomfort. The disease worsens the quality of life and hurts. Cystitis threatens the appearance of serious complications, sometimes even represents a danger to the patient's life. An unexplored disease leads to the spread of the infectious process and the transition from pathology to a chronic form.
The diagnosis is the first stage of the therapeutic process for cystitis in women. Self -diagnosis can lead to a false path, so it will waste a beautiful time. The treatment of cystitis is dedicated to a urologist. Includes pharmacological therapy, popular treatment and dietary nutrition. Follow all medical recommendations, do not forget prevention and be healthy!